88.05 apple bug

APPLE-BUG

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/ \ The Newsletter of APPLE-Q Inc.

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Mav 86 Issue
Volume 7 No. 5
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the Brisbane User's Group
Poet Office Box 721
South Brisbane
QuttanaLandL 41Q1

>>> In this 1 saue <<<

Information Page 2

Editorial 3

Hardcopy Library 4

Software Library 4

Apple News 7

Tips & Techniques 8

PC Transporter Review 8

Graphic File Formats 9

Advertisements 14

ImageWriter LQ Press Release 14

C CREDITS 3

The credit for getting this issue to press, must go to Dale Rodgie and the tireless
efforts of the Executive Committee, along with the help of a few members who have
taken the time to put fingers to the keyboard. The Hooper Education Centre has once
again performed the impossible task of accepting our pages, making enough sense out
of them to make the plates, doing the actual printing, collating, stapling, folding
and stapling again, and getting them to Australia Post, who in turn attempted to get
them to you in time for you to read them before the sun sets on another Open Day,
for yet another month.

»

Dale Rodgie

— He typed it all In

«

»

Graham Black

— He typed some too

«

>>

The Members

— For their contributions

«

>>

Appleworks

— Word Processing

«

»

ImageWriter II

— Typesetting

«

>>

The Hooper Centre

— Printing & Distribution

«

»

The APPLE Computer

-- The reason for it all

«

mi . so

Registered by Australia Post - Publication No. QBG 3485.

Apple-Bug <2> May 1988

C Execut 1 ve Co m m 1 ttee II

Bernle Benson
Eric Conolly
Bob Godbehere
Tony Truscott
Graham Black
Dale Rodgle
Ken Stall th
Brett Dutton

- President

- Vice-President

- Secretary

- Treasurer

- Registrar

- Editor

- Software Librarian

- Hardcopy Librarian

Ph.< 07) 345-1645
Ph.< 07) 261-1860
Ph.< 07) 808-3892
Ph.< 07) 266-4795
Ph.( 07) 883-1525
Ph . (075) 38-6942
Ph.< 07) 345-1995
Ph. < 07) 870-8599

C Bu 1 1 «r t. 1 re Board System < BBS > 3

Apple-Q BBS : online 24 hrs

Telephone : (07) 284-6145 (DATA)

: (07) 883-1525 (VOICE)

Baud Rates : 300, 1200/75, 1200 and 2400 (CCITT and BELL)

Data Specs : 8 Data bits - 1 Stop bit - No Parity (Full Duplex)
Sysops : Graham Black - Vince Crosdale - Brett Dutton
Calls to the system : 10419

Registered Users : 470 (as of 9.00 p.m. 26th April)

SYSOP stands for : SYStem OPerator

BBS stands for : Bulletin Board System

L Wh at ' s Wh &n 3

at the Hooper Education Centre - Kuran Street - Wave 11 Heights

ft>en Dav

Sunday 15th May 1988
Hours: 9. 00. am. till 4. 30. pm.

Monday 16th May 1988
Starts: 7. 00. pm.

Open Dav

Sunday 19th June 1988
Hours: 9. 00. am. till 4. 30. pm.

Monday 20th June 1988
Starts: 7. 00. pm.

C Membership Fees 3

Joining Fee: *10 Adults/Family: *20

Full Time Students: *12 Pensioners: *12

Corporate Membership: *50

Associate Membership: * 5 plus *5 Joining Fee (BBS only)

( Full Time Students under 21 years on production of Student Card )
( Pensioners on production of Pensioner Card )

[ at the discretion of the Executive Committee 1

Copying tees for the Club's Public Domain Software are 50 cents per disk side, with
a mlnimun charge of of *2.00 for 5.25* disks. The copying tee for 3.5* disks is
*3.00 per disk. We cater for the H, H + , //e. //c, //GS and MAC. The copying of
Commercially produced software cannot be sanctioned by APPLE-Q Inc. and members who
do so risk expulsion from the group.

Apple-Bug <3> Hay 1988

All contributions for the newsletter should be handed to a committee member at the
Open Day, or posted to P.O.Box 698, Redcliffe, Queensland 4020. The deadline date Is
the committee meeting Immediately following the Open Day.

C Ed i t or lal 3

by Graham Black and Dale Rodgle

Last month, you were very lucky
to get a newsletter at all. It
was nearly cancelled the day It
was due at the Hooper Centre for
printing, due to a Hard Disk
crash. The entire content of the
newsletter was still In text
files, and last minute updates
had to be made to the membership
list, because members did not
get the info' in by the deadline
date. If you want anything to
get into the newsletter, then
send your contributions (or
complaints) to: P.O.Box 698 -
Redcliffe - Queensland 4020, and
of course, make sure sure they
get in before the deadline date
or you wi 1 1 miss out .

Well, once again the newsletter
has changing. We are back to
using the good old reliable
Apple //e and ZARDAX II for this
text. My opinion of the IBM's
capabilities is not printable.

We don't allow that sort of language In the newsletter. Dale Rodgle has volunteered
for the position of Editor, starting with this issue. Welcome to the committee Dale.
I'll let you finish this column.

Thank-you Graham, may-be you could write an article titled "101 things to do with
your IBM compatible without turnung the power on", for the next newsletter. This
part of the newsletter was written on my Apple IIGS.

Last month we had ten new members Join the group, they are: Leslie Dodt, Neil
Robertson, the Summerhayed family, Kevin Menr, Kevin Batterbury, Andrew Wright, Ian
Stevenson, Hilary Turner, Leonard Giddens and D. Ma. Welcome to the group, and I
hope we can help you to use your Apple computer better.

The group has had a few problems with missing power boards. We started with 24 and
now only a few remain. If you mistakenly took home one of the power boards, please
return it at the next meeting. Due to the dlssapearing power boards, a deposit of
S20.00 will be requested when you borrow a power board. Your *20.00 will be returned
when you bring back the power board. If any more go missing, the *20.00 will cover
the cost of a replacement. I recommend that you bring your own power board, since
there are not enough of the clubs power boards to go around.

Apple-Bug <4> May 1988

During the meeting, no one is allowed behind the counter except the committee
members. Remember to display your membership card on your Apple. Due to the lack of
space, only members are allowed to set up their machines. Anyone not displaying a
membership card will be asked to leave or pay the membership fee. This is to help
the members get a fair go.

You still have some time left to submit entries for the Logo Competition. We are
looking for a logo to print on the front page of the newsletter each month. Remember
that the prize is a full years membership and the competition will close on the June
Open Day. The winner will be announced in the July newsletter along with the winning
entry. So get those graphic programs warmed up. You can submit your entry to any
member of the committee. We need both the logo on paper and on disk (in a high-res
file).

A special Interest group is starting up for serious users. So if you are interested
in Business programs, Programming, etc. for both the Macintosh and Apple II's, the
meeting will be held in room 22 in the main Hooper Centre Building between 1 and 4
p.m. on Open Day's.

C Hardcopy L. 1 torary D
by Brett Dutton

Everything went well as usual. Just a reminder to bring back loans at the following
meeting.

C Sof tware L 1 brary 1

This month we take a look at the growing Apple IIGS software now available through
the group. All of the software listed below is on 3.5 inch disks and are formatted
in ProDOS. The software is divided into three catagorles: Public Domain, Shareware
and Demonstration.

Shareware is a cheap way to market computer software. The Author allows his programs
to be copied. You then take a look at the software, if you want it, you simply send
a small amount of money to the author. The amount usally is S30.00 (U.S.). In some
cases, the author will then send you the latest version of the program.

The Demonstration software allows you to use the program before you buy it. Of
course, some of the features of the Demonstration software are omitted so that you
need to buy the program if you want it.

The copying fee for one 3.5 inch disk is $3.00. Some software require two 3.5 inch
disks - this software is clearly marked below. CDA stands for Classic Desk Accessory
and NDA stands for New Desk Accessory.

APPLE IIGS DEMO SAMPLER Public Domain <2 Disks)

This disk includes eight demo programs, they are:

Daleks

Colour Dabbler
Hodge Podge

SI lde Show

- Your Dr. Who and you have to save yourself from the Daleks.

- Experiment with the GS's Qulckdraw tools with this program.

- Another GS tool demo - useful to pack and unpack pictures,
and change a pictures graphic mode, ie. from 640 to 320 and
visa versa.

- The slide show needs the APPLE IIGS SAMPLER DATA DISK. The
slide show requires 2 x 3.5 inch drives, however, you could
modify the basic program to work with one drive.

Apple-Bug <5> May 1988

Qulckdrav Sampler - Yet another GS tool demo. This one draws shapes on the

screen.

GS Paint - This is not the commercial version. This program was

written by Apple programmers. Many of the options are not
available and you can't load in pictures.

Keyboard Sounds - Any key you press, a corresponding sound is played.

Brick Out - Same as the old game except in colour.

APPLE II GS sales demo Public Domain (2 Disks)

This program was the first demo the Apple dealers used to display the GS. It
talks, plays music and shows seme great pictures. The program needs 1.25 meg.
of RAM and two 3.5 inch disk drives to run.

APPLE I1GS SUPER HIRES DEMO Public Domain

This disk contains a slide show and some Interesting coloured displays. The
three Quickdraw options on the main menu don't work.

DELUXE PAINT II Demonstration

This is a demo of what I think to be the best graphics program for the GS. So
good I bought a copy (I could not afford the company). The disk contains some
pictures drawn using Deluxe Paint II. You can experiment with the drawing
tools. This demo has a bug - the tool icons are not drawn to the screen, but
they do work. It also has a very Interesting quit routine.

DIVERS1 DEMONSTRATION DISK Shareware

This disk contains five programs from Diversified Software Research. They are:

Diversi-Cache - This program speeds up your Apple 3.5 inch drive almost to

RAM disk speed.

Diversi-Key - With this program, you can have macros with almost any

program. It comes with macros set up for Appleworks 2.0.

Diversi-Copy 5.25 - Quickly copy 5.25 inch disks. It even allows you to make

multiple copies.

Diversi-Copy 3.5 - This is the fastest 3.5 inch disk copy program I have seen.

It only copies the necessary blocks and allows you to make
multiple copies.

Dlversl-Hack - This program Installs a CDA that allows you enter monitor

at almost any time and return back to the program. You can
also dump the text screen to a printer.

FANTAVISION Demonstration

This demo plays a graphics movie drawn using Fantavision. It does not allow you
to experiment with the drawing features. Fantavision allows you to animate your
graphics Images and add sound effects. It also has a feature called "Tweenlng*
in which the program can draw up to 64 frames between the start and finish
frame. Playing back the frames creates animation.

FREETERH GS Public Domain

A mouse based communications program. Operates at 300, 1200, and 2400 baud.
Send and receive files with Xmodem. Auto dial with either Palse or Touch-Tone
dialing. Also has a text capture feature. Voted the "All Star" Award for a GS
communications program by A+ magazine.

GRAPHICWRITER Demonstration

This was the first desktop publishing program for the Apple IIGS. It allows you
to add graphics to your word processing documents and print it out in colour
(ImageWriter II only). It has some simple graphics tools to draw your own
pictures.

Apple-Bug <6> May 1988

GS USERS GROUP PI SI Public Domain

A range of public domain programs demonstrating the Super Hires graphics,
coloured text screen and GS tools. The disk Includes programs from a special
I.A.C. Apple IIGS disk. Programs include:

Calendar

Mac.Trans.Gs

Master .Da

Meltdown

Mtremover

Notepad
Pic. Saver
Ratcalc
Visibel 1

Stgs
Type i t

A calendar CDA.

Transfer text files from a Macintosh to a GS (did not work on my
GS).

This CDA allows you to have up to 100 CDA's In your GS at the
one time.

This NDA melts your super hires screen like wax.

This CDA replaces MouseText characters from any program that
displays highlighted characters in MouseText. It can be used
with DOS 3.3 programs also.

Take notes down while working in another program with this CDA.
This CDA saves the current super hires screen to disk.

This Rational Calculator CDA can come in handy.

When you work into the wee small hours, this CDA wiil not wake
the rest of the family. It replaces the GS bell with a flashing
boarder .

Transfer ATARI ST graphic screens to the GS format. NOTE: Atari
graphics must be on a ProDOS disk.

This CDA displays text files on the screen.

MICRO- ED GS LIBRARY DISK Shareware

This disk contains many utilities for your GS. Most of the programs on the disk
will works on the older Apple II's. The only one that I can find that only
works on the GS is the slide show.

MULTISCRIBE GS Demonstration

This is the GS version of the famous Multiscribe. The GS version was voted the
"All Star" Award by A+ magazine in the word processing catagory.

MUSIC CONSTRUCTION SET Demonstration

This demo plays a number of tunes written with this program. You can't
experiment with this demo - it just plays and plays music.

MOTES M'. FILES Demonstration

Notes n' Files is a word processor and data base in one. It will store names
and addresses in a data base linked to each letter you write to that person.
You can quickly look at a particular persons details and all the letters you
have sent to that person are displayed on the screen at the same time. It will
also print labels and would be perfect for a small business.

SUPERSONIC CHRISTMAS DISK Demonstration

If you don't know what a cold Christmas is like, play this Christmas Demo Disk
one night. It plays heaps of your favorate Christmas carols and some you don't
know.

SUPERSONIC SOUND EDITOR and DATA D1SI Demonstration (2 Disks)

This sound editor plays back the song on the data disk at almost CD quality.
You can edit the music, change its playback speed, change reverb etc.

TOPDRAW Demonstration

This demo allows you to use all its graphic tools and to save the completed
picture to disk. Topdraw uses Object Oriented Graphics.

Apple-Bug <7> Hay 1988

C App 1 e News □

Applet Hew Software Company

Apple Computer, In the States, have Just established a software company called
Claris Corporation. Mr. Bill Campbell explains why Claris was set-up; "By
developing outstanding applications we believe we can set new standards for
Macintosh development." With a staff of 120 and a multi-million dollar budget,
Claris plan to Improve almost all the Apple software now available. Most of It for
the Macintosh computer. We should see new versions of MacWrlte, MacPaint, MacDraw,
MacTerminal, Multifinder, HyperCard and AppleTalk. They are also working on some new
programs. "SmartForrn Designer and SmartForm Manager allow the user to do everything
with forms - create, print, distribute and capture data.", said John Zeisler,
vise-president of Claris.

A New Version of AppleWorks

While on the subject of new versions, Claris are planning to market a new version of
AppleWorks by mid-year. Word is that this new version would be designed for the
Apple //GS and use the mouse and pull-down menus etc. Claris have an double page add
in the latest A+ magazine. It informs Appleworks owners that they can now upgrade to
the latest version. More info as It comes to hand.

SQ Bull L

Three new Apple IIGS programs are now available from So What Software in the States.
They are the Disc Commander, Iconix and Sonlx. Disk Commander is a disk editing
program for the GS. Like the disk block editors available for the older Apples, you
can edit any block on a ProDos, Dos 3.3 or Pascal disk. You can trace bytes, locate
tiles, recover deleted files and reconstruct damaged disks. This is all done within
the WIMP envlroment. The disk also contains a program called Longloader. This
program enables your Applesoft programs to load and save data from any bank of the
GS, except ROM.

Sonix is an Ensoniq synthesizer Interface. With Sonix, you can use all of the
features of the Ensoniq chip from Applesoft. You can extract sound files from disk,
sample and record you own sounds, compose and play music, add a voise response to
keyboard events. The disk includes a Waveform editor, 30-voice music editor,
30-voice sequencer, sound library and plans to build you own pre-amp for the GS.

Iconix is a Super Hires interface for Applesoft Basic. With Iconix you can load and
save super hires pictures (loading in about 5 seconds), plot a single character,
string or colour anywhere on the screen, use up to 256 colours on the screen at any
one time, add animation, link you basic program to the GS's arrowhead. And the list
goes on.

For more information, contact So What Software, 10221 Slater Ave., Suite 103,
Fountain Valley, CA 92708, U.S.A.

240-YQlt Saatea Saver on 11a way?

Kensington Microware Ltd. in the United States have developed two Apple savers. Back
in 1982 they released the System Saver for the Apple lie. It Is a surge suppressor
and fan in one. Last year they released the GS version called System Saver IIGS. It
is designed to fit in between the CPU and the GS monitor. It contains a fan and four
power sockets at the back. You can then plug you GS into the surge suppressed power
supply. There are two switches on the front marked "Main" and "Aux*. After
connecting your computer to the System Saver, to turn your GS on, just press one of
the buttons. You don't need to reach around the back of your GS. Why din't Apple
think of this?

Within the next few days they will decide whether to make the 220/240 volt European
(and Australian) version. So keep reading Apple-Bug for more details.

Apple-Bug <8> Hay 1988

C Tlpa & Techn 1 ques J

In this month's Tips & Techniques we look at how ProDOS programs finish (and how to
use It in your own programs). Also we look at a routine to change RESET to RUN.

Bve-Bve

Here's another routine you can use when using ProDOS. It Is used by many 8 bit
ProDOS programs. When you type In the Quit command, the screen returns to 40-columns
and asks for the Prefix of the next program, and then the System Program name. This
routine is complete with error routines and can be used from either Applesoft or
Machine Language. In Basic you use the command:

PRINT CHR9(4) ; " BYE*

If you are working In Machine Language, and have Basic System loaded Into memory,
you can use:

JMP 9B028

Take a Run nlno

This tip orginally come from the July/August 1982 edition of Apple Orchard Magazine.
This utility will Run a basic program (In memory) if the <CONTROL>-<RESET> keys are
pressed. This comes In useful If you want to user proof your program. "User Proof"
is a term used to discrlbe a program that can not be crashed by the user by pressing
the incorrect key. This utility will only work In DOS 3.3. In ProDOS, the utility
turns on the trace command.

10 CALL 1002: PRINT CHR9 (21): FOR I - 768 TO 777: READ A: POKE I, A: NEXT
20 FOR I « 1010 TO 1012: READ A: POKE I, A: NEXT
30 DATA 32,101,214,133,51,133,216,76,210,215,0,3,166
40 (the rest of the program goes here...)

Line 10 sets the DOS 3.3 Input/Output Hooks (CALL 1002), turns off the 80-column
card (PRINT CHR$(21)>, and POKE'S In a small machine language program that runs the
Basic program. Line 20 sets up the Reset Vector and line 30 contains the DATA. Just
add these first three lines to your Applesoft Basic program to set-up the RESET key.
The machine language routine is located at 90300 (768 decimal) In memory.

The "CALL 1002" used in line 10, does not work in ProDOS. If you can find the
"ProDOS Reset the Input/Output Hooks", you can modify line 10 so It can be used in
ProDOS .

C JPG Transspor ter 3

Thanks to Brian Clarke from Computerland, Gold Coast, I was able to have a look at
one of the first PC Transporters In Australia. The PC Transporter, from Applied
Engineering, is a card that turns your Apple //+. //e and //GS into an I.B.M.
compatable computer. He had installed the card in slot 7 of a enhanced (platinum)
//e and connected the I.B.M. type disk drive to the card. In a matter of minutes you
are away.

When the Apple is turned on, it is Just like your Apple without the card except you
have a minimum of an extra 256K RAM. To switch to the I.B.M. mode, you just boot the
disk supplied with the card. The disk is ProDOS based and both the 5.25 and 3.5 inch
disks are supplied. You can choose to manually configure the system or the program
will do it for you.

Apple-Bug <9> Hay 1988

Now you are ready to run almost all the I.B.M. software available. It Is said that
it runs three times faster than the I.B.M. PC/XT computer. Even a program like
Flight Simulator will work using this card. I have heard the Flight Simulator is
affected by higher clock speeds on compatables. Not so on the PC Transporter.

You can choose the amount of memory you want on the card - up to 640K. This memory
can be used in either Apple or I.B.M. mode. However, 128K of memory is needed in
I.B.M. mode as system memory. The card can be installed in any slot except slot 3.
This is because it conflicts with the 80-column card.

When you enter the I.B.M. mode, you will notice the characters on the text screen
are different. The PC Transporter uses its own character set which is the same as
the I.B.M. character set. The card also re-maps the keyboard to look like an I.B.M.
keyboard for programs.

If you own a Apple //+, you will need to buy an I.B.M. style keyboard. The cord from
the keyboard connects onto the card. The card also has a socket for a 8087-2 math
coprocessor chip which will increase the speed even more when number-crunching. It
also has a socket for an I.B.M. style RGB monitor.

Using the card, you can transfer files from MS-DOS to ProDOS and back. If you have
an Apple 3.5 inch drive (not Unidisk>, you can use it as an 3.5 inch I.B.M. drive.
However, in most cases you will need to buy an I.B.M. style 5.25 inch drive to use
most of the current software. The I.B.M. style drive, also available from Applied
Engineering, can be used with ProDOS disks as well.

The PC Transporter also allows you to use the mouse, printers, modems, etc. as
I.B.M. devices. The card will work with the standard composite monitor and the Apple
RGB monitor.

The cost of the card alone is just over 91000.00. That is with 256K. A single I.B.M.
style drive will be about 9350.00. Of course the cost rises as you add more memory
to the card.

All I can say is I want one. Sure I can buy an I.B.M. compatible for about 9900.00,
however, you would not also get a printer, mouse, etc. for that price. If you are a
computer programmer like myself, you can see the advantage of writting a program say
in Pascal and then converting it to an I.B.M. Pascal compiler. Also, it takes up
very little room (if none at all). Great if you have limited space. If you want to
know more about the card, contact Computerland in Southport.

C Graph I css Image FI 1® Formats! 3

The following comes from "Apple //GS Technical Note 927". This is an update of
"Graphics Image File Format Standard for Apple //GS" , published 26/2/87.
Unfortunately, the Technical Note does not completely explain how the graphic
pictures are stored in the file. Where posible, I have added more information so you
can understand the different file formats. At the end of the Technical Note, I have
described how pictures are stored in Deluxe Paint II.

Unpacked Graphics Ima ge Formats (ProDOS File Type 9C1)

File Type 9C1, Auxiliary Type 90000

This type contains a file with a full 32K unpacked picture image. Currently, it
is being used by Apple, Activision's Palntworks and GS Paint. (Note: The first
release of PaintWorks assumes the palettes 7 colours have been ordered from
highest to lowest luminance.)

Apple-Bug <10> May 1988

File Type $C1, Auxiliary Type *0001

Unpacked Quickdraw PICT file. This contains an unpacked QuickDraw picture. See
the chapter on the QuickDraw Auxiliary Tools in the Apple //GS Toolbox
Reference for more about pictures.

File Type $C1, Auxiliary Type $0002..$FFFF

These are not yet defined. Auxiliary types will be assigned and maintained by
Developer Technical Support.

Packed Graphics Imag e Formats (ProDOS File Type »C0)

File Type SCO, Auxiliary Type $0000

Packed format used by Activision's PaintWorks. Its format is as follows:

Bytes $000. . . SO IF:
Bytes $020. . .$021 :
Bytes $022. . .$221 :
Bytes $222. . .end:

Palette

Background colour
16 patterns, 32 bytes each
Packed picture

File Type $C0, Auxiliary Type $0001 *PackBytes"

This type is created by passing a full 32K image (including SCBs and colour
tables) to Miscellaneous Tools' PackBytes routine.

File Type $C0, Auxiliary Type $0002 ‘Apple Preferred*

This is the recoomended format to use and support. The file consists of a
series of varlble- length blocks, each with the same general format:

Length Longlnt (Length Includes size of Longlnt)

Kind String with length byte (String is

case-sensitive; upper case is recommended to
avoid confusion)

Block-Specific Data Variable amount of data

Standard blocks that most applications will want to put in a file are definded
below. These aren't required, however. Other blocks can be defined by
individual applications. Using this scheme, the format is extendable.
Application-dependant information can be stored in a way that will allow other
applications to Ignore information not needed.

MAIN Information Block. A MAIN block usually, but not necessarily, will be in
every file of this format. The MAIN block consists of the following elements
(some of the terms used in the dlscription of the blocks are described later in
the article):

Si zeOf Block

IDString

MasterMode

Pixel sPerScanL i ne

NumPalettes

Palette Array

NumScanLines

ScanLineDi rectory

PackedScanLines

Longlnt

str'MAIN' (first byte - count byte)
ModeWord (from QuickDraw's MasterSCB)
Integer (must not be zero)

Integer (may be zero)

CO. .NumPalette-1 ] of Palette
Integer (must not be zero)

10. . NumScanLines- 1] of DirEntry

10 . . NumScanLines-1 ) of PackedData

The palettes in the MAIN block are numbered from 0, corresponding to modes in
the scan line directory.

PATS Information Block. The PATS block contains patterns which may be
associated with the picture.

Apple-Bug <11> May 1988

SlzeOf Block
IDStrlng
NumPats
PatternArray

Longlnt

str'PATS' (first byte - count byte)
Integer

[0. . NumPats- 11 of PatternData

SCIB Information Block. The SCIB block contains Information relating to the
current drawing pattern for the "document*. These are used by paint programs
that want to save a foreground pattern, a background pattern, and a frame with
the image.

SizeOfBlock

IDStrlng

ForegroundPattern

BackgroundPattern

FramePattern

Longlnt

str'SCIB' (first byte - count byte)

PatternData

PatternData

PatternData

PALETTES Information Block. This block can contain any extra palettes you may
need for an application program.

SizeOfBlock

IDStrlng

NumPalettes

PaletteArray

Data Types:

Longlnt

str' PALETTES' (first byte - count byte)
Integer (must not be zero)

(0. .NumPalettes-1 3 of Palette

Integer

Longlnt

ColorEntry

Palette

ModeWord

DlrEntry

PatternData

word 16-bit signed quantity (2 bytes)

LONG 32-bit signed quantity (4 bytes)

word The nibbles in the word are interpreted as RGB
values as follows: SORGB. The high nibble of the
high byte must be 0. The low nibble of the higft
byte is the value for red. The high nibble of the
low byte is the value for green, and the low
nibble of the low byte Is the value for blue.
arrayI0..151 of ColorEntry

word If high byte*0, then low byte is the mode bit
portion of the SCB for the scanline.
Specifically, the low bits determine the palette
number and bit 7 determines if the mode Is valid.
Other bits are reserved and must be zero. Other
modes are not yet defined.

Number of bytes to unpack Integer
Mode ModeWord

32 bytes of pattern Information

File Type SCO, Auxiliary Type *0003 "Packed QD PICT File"

This aux. type is assigned to packed QuickDraw PICT files. This contains a
packed QuickDraw picture. The picture Is packed using the PackBytes routine
from the Miscellaneous Tools. See the chapter on the QuickDraw Auxiliary Tools
in the Apple //GS Toolbox Reference for more details about pictures.

Beluxfi P&lat II Picture Files

That is where the Technical Note left off. So lets now have a look at how Deluxe
Paint II stores its graphic picture files. Deluxe Paint II uses the "Apple
Preferred* file format. It has a file type of SCO and an auxiliary type of S0002. To
get a good look at how Deluxe Paint works, boot up Deluxe Paint II (if you have it).
Your screen should show the Menu Bar, Drawing Tools, Palette and white drawing area.
Now save the picture to disk and call it "WHITE. PIC". Next, quit out of Deluxe

Apple-Bug <12> May 1988

Paint, boot up a disk containing ProD0S8 and Basic. System and enter Applesoft Basic.
Finally, type in the following commands:

CALL -151 <Return>

BLOAD WHITE. PIC, A$20 00 , TtCO <Return>

2000.2080 <Return>

You are now looking at the first few bytes of WHITE. PIC. On the right hand side of
the screen, you will see the word ■MAIN" in the ASCII dump. Deluxe Paint II uses two
blocks to store all the information about the picture. The first is called MAIN.
Below I have listed the bytes found in this MAIN information block. You will notice
that most of the bytes are in reverse order; le. MSB is last.

00

00

04

El

04

40

41

49

4E

00

07

01

40

00

01

00

00

colour

0

07

77

colour

1

08

41

colour

2

07

2C

co 1 our

3

00

OF

colour

4

00

80

colour

5

OF

70

colour

6

0D

00

colour

7

OF

A9

colour

8

OF

F0

colour

9

00

E0

co 1 our

10

04

DF

colour

11

0D

AF

colour

12

07

8F

colour

13

OC

CC

colour

14

OF

FF

colour

15

00

C8

00

02

DirEntry

00

00

DlrEntry

Length of block <1249 dec.)

Length of Identification string
Identification string < "MAIN* )

Master Mode - this does not seem to line up with
dlscrlption of ModeWord in the Technical Note.
Pixels per line <320 dec.)

Number of Palettes

Palettes array - the array count starts
from zero, therefore the term
10. .NumPalettes-lI in the Technical Note.

Number of Scan lines <200 dec.)

Number of bytes to unpack - for the scan line
Mode Word - the Scan Control Byte for this scan
1 ine

The bytes '02 00 00 00' are repeated 200 times. Once for each of the scan lines. The
advantage of using such a format is that the screen size does not need to be 320 by
200 or 640 by 200. Deluxe Paint II takes advantage of this. Using Deluxe Paint, you
can create pictures larger than the screen.

E7 FF Packed Scan lines - each scan line is packed

seperately. These bytes represent the 160 bytes
needed to make up a 320 pixel scan line.

To understand how the picture is packed, we need to look at the PackBytes Tool in
the Miscellaneous Tool Set. This too) is used to pack the picture before it is
saved. The PackBytes tool packs bytes in four ways. It picks the best way by looking
at the bytes to be packed. Lets have a look at the four ways it packs.

After a block of bytes <it could be anything) is packed by the PackBytes Tool, you
end up with two type of bytes. Lets call them control bytes and data bytes. The
control bytes tell how the bytes are packed and either the number of data bytes

Apple-Bug <13> May 1988

following, or, the number of bytes represented by the data byte(s). In the four

different ways that the PackBytes Tool packs, bit 6 and 7 of the control byte tell

which method is used. The remaining six bits are a count. As you will see the count
has different meanings in each packing method:

OOxxxxxx The count plus one is the number of bytes following that are all

different .

Olxxxxxx A count of 2, 4, 5 or 6 refers to the number of times the next

byte is repeated. You must add one to the count to find the
number of repeats.

lOxxxxxx The count gives the number of repeats of the following four

bytes. The range is from 0 to 63 - again you must add one to get
the correct count.

llxxxxxx The last method is similar to the previous method. The count

plus one is multiplied by four to work out the number of
repeats. This method has only one data byte and can represent up
to 256 bytes.

Now back to the dump of the Deluxe Paint II picture file. If you look a bit further

into the file, you will see the packed picture data. As with the DirEntry before it,

the bytes 'E? FF' are repeated 200 times. In fact, they are tied together. The first
block of '02 00 00 00" and the first two 'E7 FF' refer to the first line of the

picture. The '02' tells us that 2 bytes were used to pack the corresponding scan

line. The control byte 'E7' in binary is '11100111'. Therefore, it uses the forth
packing method and the count works out to be 160. So 'E7 FF' represent 160 bytes all
of the value 'FF'. Also each byte contains the information for two pixels. That
gives you 320 pixels in the scan line. The next set of bytes in the DirEntry and the
packed scan line refer to the next scan line and so on. Of course, this is just a
simple example. Most pictures need more than 2 bytes to pack a scan line. Try
dumping some of the pictures you have on your Clip Art Disk. The more involved the
picture, the larger the file.

As I said above, Deluxe Paint II picture file contain two blocks. The second block
follows on from the end of the first. Lets have a look at a dump of the second
b 1 ock .

00 00 00 97 Length of block (151 dec.)

04 Length of Identification string

45 4F 41 20 Identification string ("EOA ")

I don't know what this block is used for. I do know that it is found on the end of
all Deluxe Paint II picture files. I believe that the identification string "EOA *
is the symbol of Electronic Arts, the publishers of Deluxe Paint II.

Using the "Apple Preferred" file format, you can store a picture from 1 pixel square
to 65,535 pixels square. Of course, most of the current paint programs will not
allow you to draw a picture that big. It also takes up too much memory. Deluxe Paint
II will not allow you to draw a picture more than 400 pixels down and you can not
save a picture with less than 320 by 200 pixels. You can, however, save a portion of
the screen as a brush.

The application program must be able to move the palettes into bank $E1 , move the
Scan Control Bytes into bank $E1. Unpack each scan line, one at a time, and move the
graphic picture to bank *E1 . The UnpackBytes Tool ($2603) in the Miscellaneous Tool

Apple-Bug <14> May 1988

Set can unpack each scan line and move the bytes to bank $E1. The program must also
test to see if the picture is too large or too small for the Super Hires screen or
the available memory. If this is the case, you should inform the user. It may be
posible to display only part of the entire picture, even though you lack memory.

C Advert i aemente H

FOR SALE Contact: Graham Black at the Trading Table or phone (07) 883-1525 after
12.00 noon (he does shift work)

1 x Auto Ice Printer Card $ 60.00

1 x Zardax Word Processor (Dos 3.3 version ) $155.00

1 x Speed Demon $450.00

Makes you Apple run 3.6 times faster than normal - exelcent with Data Bases
and Spreadsheets.

1 x Roland 800 DXY Plotter (8 colour) $995.00

Used A3 paper and there are lots of pens to go with it.

1 x Epson LX-800 printer $495.00

1 x Alf Music Synthesizer $450.00

Includes AIWA amp. with over 30 disks of music.

1 x Super Serial Card (new and sealed) $140.00

1 x IBM XT TURBO $2500.00

Includes: Samsung Amber Monitor

30 meg. Miniscribe Hard Disk

two 360 K floppy drives

two Serial Ports

Parallel Port

Mouse

Keyboard

Mul itfunction card
plus several manuals

FOR SALE Contact: Vince Crosdale at the Trading Table or phone (07) 355-3090

1 x Enhanced Apple lie $1900.00

Includes: 51 2K of RAM

Apple Green screen monitor
two disk drives
Parallel printer card
RGB card

manuals and much software

C ImageWr 1 ter L. Q 3
Press Release

The following Press Release on the ImageWriter LQ printer was issued on the 11th of
August 1987. Apple Computer Australia had planed to Introduce this printer last
November. At present, it is not available in Australia. It is expected to retail
between $2500 to $2700.

Apple Computer Inc. today Introduced the ImageWriter LQ, a letter-quality,
wide-carriage dot-matrix printer offering versatile paper handling capabilities that
satisfy a broad range of office printing needs.

The ImageWriter LQ, compatible with Macintosh and Apple // personal computers,
responds to a demond from small and medium-sized businesses and education customers
for a high-quality dot-matrix printer with diverse paper handling capabilities for

Apple-Bug <15> May 1988

such tasks as creating letter-quality correspondence, processing multi-part forms,
printing labels, addressing ewe I opes and procbcing colour-enhanced text and
graphics. Its 15-inch carriage can handle full-sized spreadsheets and wide forms.

"An all Apple solution offers users a high degree of harcfeare and software
integration,* said Delbert Yocam, Apple chief operating officer. *The ImageWrlter LQ
addresses general office needs in the corporate world as well as In schools and
universities. It fills a market demand for an affordable, versatile letter-quality
printer." High-quality printing.

The ImageWriter LQ's 27-pin print head provides the capability to produce
letter-quality text and graphics at 216 by 216 dots per inch. It has double the dot
density of the ImageWrlter II and its print quality approaches that of the
LaserWriter. The Imagewrlter LQ prints in three modes: draft, near letter-quality
and letter-quality.

The ImageWriter LQ uses impact print technology, enabling the printing of
multiple-layer forms of up to five pages. Its paper handling capabilities include
push tractor and pull tractor mode and bottom feed, which allows pin-feed paper and
multiple-part forms to be processed directly beneath the printer, preventing Jamming
associated with top-through feed.

The ImageWriter LQ can also be configured with an optional expandable cut-sheet
feeder, enabling unattended sheet feeding while operating on a network. The
cut-sheet feeder can have up to three bins, allowing a variety of paper to be used.
An optional envelope attachment is also available.

Apple also offers an AppleTalk option that allows the ImageWriter LQ to be a shared
printing device on an AppleTalk network. AppleTalk can also Improve throughput
performance.

Like the ImageWriter II and LaserWriter, the ImangWriter LQ has been fully
Integrated with the Macintosh, offering many standard features such as automatic
page size reduction and vertical or horizontal image orientations and cut-sheet
feeder bin selection.

The ImageWriter LQ also offers a broad selsction of Macintosh fonts— Times,
Helvetica, Symbol, and Courier. Resident fixed and proportional fonts offer Apple //
owners a wide variety of fonts, and it allows the Macintosh to print in draft mode.
x Colour printing is available by using the optional four-colour ribbon.

C Nex t Month 3

In the June edition of the Apple-Bug we will review TML Basic and Copy 11+ version
8. This newsletter is open to any articles frcm members of the group. So write an
article on that new program you just bought or on programming in any language. Just
hand it to any committee member during the Open Day.

APPLE-BUG

The Newsletter of APPLB-Q Inc. the Brisbane Users' Group
If not claimed wi thin 7 days, please return to:

P.O.Box 721, South Brisbane Old. 4101 f Australia.

Please deliver to ->